Is Dyshidrotic Eczema Contagious? Risk Factors and Prevention
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What is dyshidrotic eczema?
Dyshidrotic eczema is a chronic (long-term) skin condition that causes small blisters and dry, itchy skin. It usually develops on your fingers, hands and feet. Other names for dyshidrotic eczema include dyshidrosis, acute palmoplantar eczema, vesiculobullous dermatitis and pompholyx.
Who does dyshidrotic eczema affect?
Dyshidrotic eczema can affect anyone. However, it most commonly affects people:
Between the ages of 20 and 40.
Assigned female at birth.
With a personal or family history of eczema.
With a personal or family history of contact dermatitis.
Who develop allergic reactions when they touch an antigen, which is a foreign substance that causes an allergic reaction.
Who receive immunoglobulin infusions. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is an injection of antibodies for people with an immune deficiency.
About 50% of dyshidrotic eczema cases occur in people who have allergic reactions when they touch an antigen. Researchers think that people assigned female at birth may be more likely to develop dyshidrotic eczema because they more frequently interact with certain antigens, like nickel and cobalt in jewelry.
How common is dyshidrotic eczema?
In occupational or clinical settings, dyshidrotic eczema accounts for 5% to 20% of all cases of hand dermatitis.
How does dyshidrotic eczema affect my body?
Dyshidrotic eczema affects the skin around the palms of your hands, fingers and soles of your feet.
Your skin may develop bumps or blisters that look like tapioca pearls. These blisters are typically one to two millimeters in diameter. The blisters may come together to form one large blister.
After your blisters have dried out, they may become scaly and cracked.
Symptoms and Causes
What are the symptoms of dyshidrotic eczema?
Dyshidrotic eczema causes symptoms that come and go. These symptoms may last for several weeks at a time. The most common symptoms of dyshidrotic eczema include:
Small, firm blisters on the sides of your palms, fingers and soles.
Painful blisters.
Itchy, scaly skin on or around your blisters.
Increased sweat around your blisters.
Dry, cracked skin that appears as blisters fade.
The skin on your fingers, hands and feet may thicken if you scratch them frequently. Large blisters or large areas of blisters may become infected.
What triggers dyshidrosis?
Healthcare workers and researchers don’t know exactly what causes dyshidrosis. A combination of triggers can cause dyshidrosis flare-ups, including:
Immune system activation: If you have dyshidrotic eczema, your immune system reacts to minor irritants or allergens. This overreaction can inflame your skin.
Allergies: Exposure to certain substances, including cement, nickel, cobalt and chromium, may trigger dyshidrotic eczema. Other allergies, including hay fever (allergic rhinitis) or food allergies, may also cause flare-ups.
Moisture: Frequently sweaty or wet hands or feet may trigger dyshidrotic eczema.
Can dyshidrosis spread?
In severe cases, dyshidrosis blisters may get bigger and spread to the backs of your fingers, hands and feet. They won’t spread to other parts of your body.
Is dyshidrotic eczema contagious?
Dyshidrotic eczema isn’t contagious. You can’t spread it to another person.
If you scratch your blisters, you may break your skin, which can lead to infections. If your blisters become infected, contact your healthcare provider. They may prescribe antibiotics to clear your infection.
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